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KMID : 0903619830240020107
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1983 Volume.24 No. 2 p.107 ~ p.117
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Studies on Drought and Salt Resistance in Vegetable Crops
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Abstract
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Forty one varieties of Capsicum annuum, one line each of C. pubescens, C. frutescens and C. baccatum were evaluated for drought resistance. Drought resistance was measured by water saturation deficit (WSD) and leaf water potential after watering was withheld from the pot culture. Diffusive resistance and transpiration rate were measured daily during the induced water stress. Stomatal density on mature green leaves was measured for testing its relationship with drought resistance. Drought resistance at cellular level was measured by resistance to low osmotic potential of the isolated cells from mature green leaves of plants grown in nutrient solution. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. Pepper varieties were classified. into drought resistant (WSD 20% or less), intermediate (WSD 20∼40%). and sensitive (WSD 40% or more). The drought resistant varieties could be subdivided into three groups based on patterns of changes in diffusive resistance and transpiration rate in leaves after water was withheld: Group 1 in which diffusive resistance did not increase and transpiration rate stayed relatively high, Group 2 in which diffusive resistance increased gradually and transpiration rate continuously decreased, and group 3 in which diffusive resistance increased rapidly at water stress and transpiration rate decreased continuously.
Intermediate and sensitive varieties showed a similar pattern as group 3 of drought resistant varieties in changes of diffusive resistance and transpiration rate.
2. A highly significant correlation (r=-0.908) between leaf water potential and WSD values was observed.
3. Korean cultivars showed a higher correlation between stomatal density and WSD than the other varieties. A correlation between stomatal denaity and WSD was r=0.413 when all the varieties were taken into account but it was r=0.591 when only Korean varieties were taken into account.
4. Isolated cells of drought resistant varieties showed higher resistance to the low osmotic potential than those of sensitive varieties. There was a high positive correlation (r=0.859) between WSD value and percent dead cells of isolated cells exposed to low osmotic potential (-18 bar).
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KEYWORD
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